ACL Tear: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment Options in Delhi

By Dashvanth Healthcare Medical Team · Reviewed by Dr. Shahrukh Khan, MS Ortho, DNB Ortho (MAMC/NBE) · East Delhi

What Is the ACL?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee, providing rotational stability. ACL tears are among the most common sports injuries, affecting athletes in football, cricket, basketball, and badminton.

Causes of ACL Tear

• Sudden change of direction (cutting movements)
• Landing awkwardly from a jump
• Direct collision or tackle
• Sudden stop while running

Symptoms

• A "pop" sound at the time of injury
• Immediate swelling within hours
• Severe pain and inability to continue activity
• Feeling of knee "giving way"
• Loss of full range of motion

Diagnosis

Clinical examination (Lachman test, pivot shift test) combined with MRI confirms ACL tear and associated injuries (meniscus, cartilage, other ligaments).

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical (Partial Tears or Inactive Patients)

RICE protocol, physiotherapy and knee bracing can suffice for partial tears or patients with low activity demands. However, chronic instability increases meniscus damage risk.

Surgical: ACL Reconstruction

Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction uses a graft (hamstring or patellar tendon) to recreate the torn ligament. It is a day-care or overnight procedure. Return to sport typically takes 9–12 months with proper rehabilitation.

Recovery Timeline

• Week 1–2: Swelling control, straight leg raises
• Week 4–6: Stationary cycling, strengthening
• Month 3: Jogging
• Month 6: Sport-specific training
• Month 9–12: Return to competitive sport