Osteoporosis & Bone Health: Prevention, Diagnosis & Treatment
By Dashvanth Healthcare Medical Team · Reviewed by our specialists · East Delhi
What Is Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterised by low bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, leading to increased fracture risk. It is called a "silent disease" because bone loss occurs without symptoms until a fracture happens.
Who Is at Risk?
- Women post-menopause (oestrogen loss accelerates bone loss)
- Men and women over 65
- Low calcium/Vitamin D intake or sun exposure
- Long-term steroid use
- Rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism
- Smoking and heavy alcohol use
- Family history of osteoporosis
Diagnosis: DEXA Scan
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measures bone mineral density (BMD). T-score: normal ≥ -1.0; osteopenia -1.0 to -2.5; osteoporosis ≤ -2.5.
Prevention & Treatment
Lifestyle
- Calcium: 1000–1200 mg/day (dairy, green vegetables, fortified foods)
- Vitamin D: 800–1000 IU/day; 15 min daily sunlight
- Weight-bearing exercise: walking, dancing, light resistance training
- Quit smoking; limit alcohol to ≤1 drink/day
Medications
- Bisphosphonates (alendronate, zoledronic acid) — first-line
- Denosumab — injectable, 6-monthly
- Teriparatide — for severe osteoporosis, builds new bone
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) — for post-menopausal women
At what age should women get a bone density test?
Women should get a DEXA scan at menopause (around 50) if risk factors are present, and all women by age 65.
Can osteoporosis be reversed?
Treatment can slow, stop, and in some cases partially reverse bone loss — especially with anabolic agents like teriparatide. Early intervention gives the best results.
📍 Get Expert Care at Dashvanth Healthcare
Questions about your symptoms? Our specialists in Orthopaedics & Joint Replacement are available at Dashvanth Healthcare, A-35 Surajmal Vihar, East Delhi.
💬 Book via WhatsApp 📞 Call Now