Migraine – More Than Just a Headache
Migraine is a complex neurological condition characterised by recurrent, severe headaches often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. It affects approximately 1 in 7 people worldwide and is significantly more common in women. Neurological specialists at Dashvanth Healthcare Delhi provide personalised migraine management.
Types of Headache
Primary Headaches
- Migraine: Moderate-severe, pulsating, unilateral, with nausea/light sensitivity. Lasts 4–72 hours
- Tension-Type Headache: Most common. Bilateral, pressing/tight, mild-moderate severity. No nausea or photo/phonophobia
- Cluster Headache: Severe, unilateral, periorbital pain. Short attacks (15–180 min) in clusters. Associated with eye watering, nasal congestion
Secondary Headaches
Due to underlying conditions: meningitis, brain tumour, subarachnoid haemorrhage, hypertension, medication overuse headache. Require immediate investigation.
Migraine Phases
- Prodrome: Hours to days before – mood changes, food cravings, neck stiffness
- Aura (30%): Visual disturbances – zigzag lines, blind spots (scintillating scotoma). Sensory changes
- Headache Phase: 4–72 hours of throbbing head pain
- Postdrome: “Migraine hangover” – fatigue, difficulty concentrating
Migraine Triggers
- Hormonal changes (menstruation)
- Stress and anxiety
- Sleep changes
- Strong sensory stimuli (bright lights, strong smells)
- Dietary triggers: cheese, red wine, caffeine withdrawal, skipping meals
- Weather changes
Treatment
Acute Attack Treatment
- Triptans (sumatriptan, rizatriptan) – most effective
- NSAIDs and paracetamol
- Anti-nausea medications
Preventive Treatment
- Beta-blockers (propranolol, metoprolol)
- Topiramate, valproate
- CGRP antagonists/antibodies (new targeted therapies)
- Botox injections for chronic migraine
Expert migraine management at Dashvanth Healthcare Delhi: 011-41670042
