Urine Routine & Microscopy Examination
Urine routine examination is a simple, affordable, and highly informative test. It can detect urinary tract infections, kidney disease, diabetes, and many other conditions. At Dashvanth Healthcare Delhi, urine testing is available same-day with detailed reports.
Physical Examination
- Colour: Normal = pale to dark yellow. Very pale = excessive fluid or diabetes insipidus. Dark = concentrated, hepatitis. Red/brown = blood or haemoglobin.
- Clarity: Clear is normal. Cloudy = infection, pus cells.
- Specific Gravity: 1.005–1.030. Measures concentration. Low = dilute (diabetes insipidus, overhydration). High = dehydration.
Dipstick (Chemical) Examination
- Glucose: Normally absent. Present in diabetes, renal glucosuria.
- Protein (Albumin): Trace or absent normally. Significant proteinuria suggests kidney disease. Requires 24-hour urine protein quantification.
- Nitrites: Positive = bacterial infection (UTI).
- Leucocyte Esterase: Positive = white cells present, suggesting infection or inflammation.
- Blood (Haematuria): Red cells in urine – UTI, kidney stones, tumour, glomerulonephritis.
- Ketones: Diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation, fasting.
- Bilirubin/Urobilinogen: Liver disease and haemolysis.
Microscopy
- RBCs: >3/HPF abnormal. Dysmorphic RBCs = glomerulonephritis.
- WBCs/Pus Cells: >5/HPF = pyuria (UTI, kidney inflammation).
- Casts: RBC casts = glomerulonephritis. Granular casts = tubular disease.
- Crystals: Calcium oxalate = kidney stones. Uric acid = gout/stones.
Urine testing at Dashvanth Healthcare Delhi: 011-41670042. Walk-in, results in 1 hour.
